Table of Chemicals Used to Grow Crystals

This is a table of common chemicals that produce nice crystals. The color and shape of the crystals are included. Many of these chemicals are available in your home. Other chemicals in this list are readily available online and are safe enough for growing crystals at home or in a school. Recipes and specific instructions are available for hyperlinked chemicals. Table of Common Chemicals for Growing Crystals Chemical Name Color Shape aluminum potassium sulfate(potassium alum) coloreless cubic ammonium chloride colorless cubic sodium borate(borax) colorless monoclinic calcium chloride colorless hexagonal sodium nitrate colorless hexagonal copper acetate(cupric acetate) green monoclinic copper sulfate(cupric sulfate) blue triclinic iron sulfate(ferrous sulfate) pale blue-green monoclinic potassium ferricyanide red monoclinic potassium iodide white cupric potassium dichromate orange-red triclinic potassium chromium sulfate(chrome alum) deep purple cubic potassium permanganate dark purple rhombic sodium carbonate(washing soda) white rhombic sodium sulfate, anhydrous white monoclinic sodium thiosulfate colorless monoclinic cobalt chloride purple-red ferric ammonium sulfate(iron alum) pale violet octohedral magnesium sulfateepsom salt colorless monoclinic (hydrate) nickel sulfate pale green cubic (anhydrous)tetragonal (hexahydrate)rhombohedral (hexahydrate) potassium chromate yellow potassium sodium tartrateRochelle salt colorless to blue-white orthorhombic sodium ferrocyanide light yellow monoclinic sodium chloridetable salt colorless cubic sucrosetable sugarrock candy colorless monoclinic sodium bicarbonatebaking soda silver silver bismuth rainbow over silver tin silver monoammonium phosphate colorless quadratic prisms sodium acetate(hot ice) colorless monoclinic calcium copper acetate blue tetragonal

Young Women s Perspectives On Positive Body Image And...

The purpose of this essay is to critically review Ludlow (2015) study which was conducted to explore young women’s perspectives on positive body image and overall wellbeing. The background of the study will give an insight on the objective of the research which focused on the issue of body image dissatisfaction influenced through social media and peers in order to look like the ideal thin. The appropriateness, limitations and strengths of the methodology used will also be highlighted as to how efficient this method was in order to support the research question and the research objective. Evaluation of ethical consideration based on ethical research principles, the summary on the justification of the research findings and the context of the†¦show more content†¦It also depends on the attitude of the individuals that in what way they perceive the information and utilise it within their everyday lifestyle. The research was mainly done to target the audience of social wor kers and professionals in New Zealand because â€Å"social workers are identified as competent practitioners and are able to promote better physical and mental wellbeing during lifespan development†(Ludlow, 2015). Method The strength of the individual interview conducted in the qualitative research method allows the participants to get in depth of the topic to recall and reflect on the memories which associate with their past experiences together with the participants personal perspectives on the current research topic (Liamputtong, 2013). The qualitative method used helped with the objective of the research to highlight the contributors and barriers in order to accomplish positive body image and wellbeing. For example, one of the barriers to reaching the positive body image was the families of the young women who pressurised them to be the ideal thin since the age of adolescence. 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Eid Ul Azha Free Essays

Eid is a great festival for Muslims. There are two Eid occasion- Eid ul fitr and Eid ul adha. Muslims celebrate these festivals with great respect and pleasure. We will write a custom essay sample on Eid Ul Azha or any similar topic only for you Order Now Eid ul fitr is celebrated after the month of Ramadan. Eid ul adha is celebrated in 10th Jilhajj. We celebrated Eid ul adha in last month. Eid ul adha remembers the prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son when God ordered him to. God appeared in a dream to Ibrahim and told him to sacrifice his son Isma’il. According to Islamic tradition, approximately four thousand years ago, the valley of Mecca (in what is now Saudi Arabia) was a dry, rocky and uninhabited place. Ibrahim was instructed to bring his Egyptian wife Hajirah and Ishmael, his only child at the time to Arabia from the land of Canaan by Allah’s command. As Ibrahim was preparing for his return journey back to Canaan, Hajirah asked him, â€Å"Did Allah order you to leave us here? Or are you leaving us here to die. † Ibrahim turned around to face his wife. He was so sad that he couldn’t say anything. He pointed to the sky showing that Allah commanded him to do so. Hajirah said, â€Å"Then Allah will not waste us; you can go†. Though Ibrahim had left a large quantity of food and water with Hajirah and Ishmael, the supplies quickly ran out, and within a few days the two began to feel the pangs of hunger and dehydration. Hajirah ran up and down between two hills called Al-Safa and Al-Marwah seven times, in her desperate quest for water. Exhausted, she finally collapsed beside her baby Ishmael and prayed to Allah for deliverance. Miraculously, a spring of water gushed forth from the earth at the feet of baby Ishmael. Other accounts have the angel Jibrail striking the earth and causing the spring to flow in abundance. With this secure water supply, known as the Zamzam Well, they were not only able to provide for their own needs, but were also able to trade water with passing nomads for food and supplies. Years later, Ibrahim was instructed by Allah to return from Canaan to build a place of worship adjacent to Zamzam well Ibrahim and Ishmael constructed a stone and mortar structure —known as the Kaaba— which was to be the gathering place for all who wished to strengthen their faith in Allah. As the years passed, Ishmael was blessed with Prophethood (Nubuwwah) and gave the nomads of the desert his message of submission to Allah. After many centuries, Mecca became a thriving desert city and a major center for trade, thanks to its reliable water source, the well of Zamzam. One of the main trials of Ibrahim’s life was to face the command of Allah to devote his dearest possession, his only son. Upon hearing this command, he prepared to submit to Allah’s will. During this preparation, Satan (Shaitan) tempted Ibrahim and his family by trying to dissuade them from carrying out Allah’s commandment, and Ibrahim drove Satan away by throwing pebbles at him. In commemoration of their rejection of Satan, stones are thrown at symbolic pillars signifying Satan during the Hajj rites. When Ishmael was about 13 (Ibrahim being 99), Allah decided to test their faith in public. Ibrahim had a recurring dream, in which Allah was commanding him to offer his son as a sacrifice – an unimaginable act – sacrificing his son, which Allah had granted him after many years of deep prayer. Ibrahim knew that the dreams of the prophets were divinely inspired, and one of the ways in which Allah communicated with his prophets. When the intent of the dreams became clear to him, Ibrahim decided to fulfill Allah’s command and offer Ishmael for sacrifice. Although Ibrahim was ready to sacrifice his dearest for Allah’s sake, he could not just go and drag his son to the place of sacrifice without his consent. Ishmael had to be consulted as to whether he was willing to give up his life as fulfillment to Allah’s command. This consultation would be a major test of Ishmael’s maturity in faith, love and commitment for Allah, willingness to obey his father and sacrifice his own life for the sake of Allah. Ibrahim presented the matter to his son and asked for his opinion about the dreams of slaughtering him. Ishmael did not show any hesitation or reservation even for a moment. He said, â€Å"Father, do what you have been commanded. You will find me, Insha’Allah (Allah willing), to be very patient. † His mature response, his deep insight into the nature of his father’s dreams, his commitment to Allah, and ultimately his willingness to sacrifice his own life for the sake of Allah were all unprecedented. Ibrahim could not bear to watch his son die so he covered his eyes by a blindfold. When he cut Ishmael’s throat and removed the blindfold, he was astonished to see that Ishmael was unharmed and instead, he found a dead sheep which was slaughtered. Ibrahim had passed the test by his willingness to carry out Allah’s command. As a reward for this sacrifice, Allah then granted Ibrahim the good news of the birth of his second son, Is-haaq. And We gave him the good news of Is-haaq, a prophet from among the righteous. Ibrahim had shown that his love for Allah superseded all others: that he would lay down his own life or the lives of those dearest to him in submission to Allah’s command. Muslims commemorate this ultimate act of sacrifice every year during Eid al-Adha. I celebrated Eid ul adha with my family in Chittagong. Our eid vacation was started 17 October. I went to Chittagong with a great pleasure. Before 3 days of eid my father bought a cow to sacrifice for Allah. The eid was celebrated at 27th October. On that day I take bath in 7. 00 am. Then I help my mother in cooking. My father was going to slay cow and collect beef. My father returned home at 1. 00 pm. Then my mother cooked meat. At afternoon I get out with my friends. I visited my friends’ house. My friends were gathering in one of my friend’s house and chatting. At 9. 00 pm I returned home. I took my supper with my family. I was tired but I enjoyed the festival. After 7 days I returned to Dhaka. It was an enjoyable Eid celebration. Dhaka is a busy city. Everyone is busy with his own business. I miss my Eid days in this busy life. â€Å"Thank You† How to cite Eid Ul Azha, Essay examples

Othello William Shakespeare Tragedy Essay Example For Students

Othello William Shakespeare Tragedy Essay Othello as a Tragic Hero William Shakespeare’s famous tragedy â€Å"Othello, the Moor of Venice† (c. 1604, as reprinted in Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. Arp, Literature: Structure Sound and Sense, 6th ed. 1060-1148) is arguably one of the finest, if not the finest, tragedies in the literary history of Western civilization. This paper discusses Othello as a â€Å"tragic hero† and compares him to the great Aristotle’s concept of what a â€Å"tragic hero† actually is. First, we need to understand the characteristics of a so-called â€Å"tragic hero† as defined by the Greek critic, Aristotle. He indicates that a tragic hero must have these characteristics: (1) Be a nobleman, prince, or person of high estate; (2) Have a tragic flaw, and a weakness in judgment; and (3) Fall from high to low estate. (Hubele). Using the Aristotle criteria, we can easily classify Othello, the Moor, as a tragic hero. At the time, it was common practice for the Italian city-states to have a foreigner, with proven military capabilities, serving as the head of their Army. Othello, an African Moor of noble birth, is just such a character and held the highest ranking military position as Governor-General of Cyprus. The city of Cyprus was a city-state in the great state of Venice. His title alone, Governor-General, exudes an air of nobility, confidence, and strength. It defines someone who is held in tremendously high esteem by the people of Venice. During Act 1, Scene 3, the Duke and a few Senators are discussing issues around a table when Othello enters the room. It’s clear that Othello is held in high esteem when, as he enters, one of the senators states ? Here comes Barbantio and the valiant Moor? (47). Othello’s confidence in himself, another of his positive attributes, is clearly portrayed as he defends himself and his recent marriage to Desdemona, the daughter of the Venetian Senator Barbantio. In his defense, he associates himself with one of the ? great ones? of the world. He also demonstrates confidence in himself and his actions when Barbantio, Desdemona’s outraged father, accuses the Moor of witchcraft. His stature, that of a tall, dark, African Moor, combined with his personal magnetism, assist him in gaining the respect and allegiance of the Venetian people and its senators. The respect of the people is brought forth in Act 1, Scene 2, when Montano, the Governor of Cyprus, is awaiting the arrival of Othello’s ship, following a strong storm at sea, and remarks he has â€Å"served him’ and the man commands/ Like a full soldier† (35-36). He also refers to him as the â€Å"brave Othello† (38). Othello is also held in awe by his men, the soldiers, and throughout the play is referred to as a â€Å"captain†, a term carried over from Roman times which depicts a commander of a company of men, or a so called â€Å"soldiers? soldier†. He is a proven leader of men and known for his military knowledge and skills. His soldierly ways are a result of serving in some form of military capacity since the early age of seven. Dignity, courage, a strong belief in religion, self control and sound jud~ment are a few of Othello’s other positive attributes portrayed in the play. The writer, A. C. Bradley characterizes him as a â€Å"truly admirable character, of heroic stature, exemplary self control, and wonderfiil imagination†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mehl, Dieter, Shakespeare’s Tragedies: An Introduction, page 66). His confidence in himself and his courage are clearly evident when Othello makes a stand before Barbantio, Roderigo and Iago, when following the drawing of their swords, Othello, as opposed to withdrawing in the face of danger taunts â€Å"Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust them† (59-60). Shakespeare continues to portray Othello as a well respected nobleman throughout his play, from beginning to end. Shakespeare also shows a soft side when he displays Othello’s love and confidence in his wife Desdemona. In Act 1 Scene 3, Othello entrusts his wife to the care of another gentleman and his wife as he must go off to war in Cyprus. The entrusted man and his wife happen to be his good friend lago and his wife Emila. Othello displays his trust and confidence in both his wife and his ensign when he remarks to Iago â€Å"to his conveyance I assign my wife† (286). As you move through the play, Shakespeare intriguingly begins to show Othello’s faults and negative character traits, which eventually lead to his destruction.   How has Baz Luhrman used film techniques to create a visually exciting film?   EssayBradley, A. C. , Shakespearean Tragedy, 3rd edition, New York, St. Martin Press, 1992], page 397). It’s plain to see his love for Desdemona is very strong and he doesn’t lose faith in himself and his love so easily. However, later so strong becomes his jealousy that it leads him astray from his previous positive traits of confidence in himself, calm demeanor in stressfbl times and his abilities to make sound judgements. In one of his last speeches to Desdemona in Act 3, Scene 3, Othello chides himself for becoming angry with his wife and following her departure remarks to himself â€Å"Excellent wretch! Perdition catch my soul / but I do love thee! And whom I love thee not, / Chaos is come again† (90-91). His statement proves Iago’s plan is working and Othello’s’ trust in him will not falter. Othello is clearly emanating pangs of jealousy here, he is hurt and his suffering is evident. He once held himself among the â€Å"great ones† (273) yet now his love is destroyed and is cursed by a â€Å"destiny unshunnable† (275). The turning point in the play is here and the end will proceed swiftly from this point. The end nears as Othello’s portrait of himself is weakened. †¦the final Othello is not a pretty sight to watch†¦ Consider his whimpering, his refusal to be himself, his uncontrolled screaming. † (Kirschbaum, Leo, â€Å"The Modern Othello†, (reprinted in English Literary History II, ( pages 283-296). He now sees himself as a man deceived, by both Desdemona and Cassio, a man full of jealousy, and a man whose honor is now in question. Even as the final climatic murder takes place Othello deceives himself by telling himself it is his duty to kill her, it is not an act of revenge. His mythology in killing her is â€Å"†¦she must die, else she’ll betray more men† (Act 5, Scene 2, line 6). â€Å"The murder of Desdemona acts out the final destruction in Othello himself of all the ordering powers of love, of trust, of the bond between human beings†. (Bloom, Harold, Modern Critical Views, William Shakespeare The Tragedies, New York, Chelsea House Publishers, c1985], page 85). Obviously Othello portrays the characteristics of a ? hero? as defined by Aristotle. He clearly was a man of nobility, of noble character and held in a very high estate. He began in this illustrious play by displaying all those positive traits which man continues to search for in order to fulfill a long and happy life. They included the ability to sincerely love and trust his fellow man/woman, his innocence, his religious background, his self control, sound judgment and confidence in his inner self as a human being. All these traits quickly came crashing down because of character flaws in other people such as deceit, fraud, seffishness, hatred and a deep desire for revenge. Following Othello’s trust for his good friend Iago he clearly demonstrated flaws in the forms of bad judgments, jealousy, loss of self control and his lack of self confidence in himself All this eventually led to the murder of the wife he continued to love through the end and his own eventual self inflicted death. His fllll from high to low estate is clearly visible. Shakespeare depicted all these events in a rather short, deep, highly emotional, passionate, intense play. Sheakspeare’s ability to develop such deep emotional characterizations remains unparalleled in modern world.

Instant Global Radio, Or Web Radio, Is The Latest Manifestation Of The

Instant global radio, or Web radio, is the latest manifestation of the Internet's multimedia successor, the World Wide Web. Improved technology and content are turning Web radio into a mass medium. (Hickman 30) The Web radio concept is mainly underlined by the concept of Webcasting, or broadcasting station content over the Internet. Online users who visit the Web pages of Webcasting stations can find archived and live audio covering news, business, sports, and many different types of music. (Thomas 38) Although the most prominent reason for the increase in Web radio activity is advancement in related technology, there are multiple other reasons. The key has been the development of software that allows a digital recording stored on a computer to be transmitted over the Internet and played instantly and continuously as it is received by the listener's computer. (Your Very Own 516) This technique is known as streaming, and was pioneered by RealNetworks. In the streaming process, the digitized clips are sent over the Internet as a stream of compressed data packets. (O'Malley 64) Free audio-player software that works with Web browsers then decompresses and assembles these packets at the user's computer and automatically plays them back as they are received. Streaming systems typically use a buffering system that stores an extra few seconds worth of data to prevent Internet "hiccups" from disrupting the steady flow of audio ? not unlike the shock-protection systems on portable compact disc players. (O'Malley 64) As reported in 1995, listening to broadcasts on your computer is akin to dialing in a tinny transistor radio on the fringes of reception area ? even with hotshot multimedia speakers. (Silverthorne A1) Advancements have made it so Web-based audio now offers near-CD quality, even over a modem of average speed. (Hickman 30) The broadcast quality depends largely on the amount of traffic on the Internet. (Your Very Own 516) Sites will have varying degrees of quality, and the only way to ensure pure transmission is a fast connection from a fast site. On September 5, 1995, the first broadcast of a Major League Baseball game was made over the Internet on ESPN's Web site. The next week, ABC Radio Net became the first organization to provide live Internet newscasts, with coverage of the O.J. Simpson trial. (Silverthorne A1) These early firsts by big-name network stations sparked the initial interest in Web radio, and the networks have been the biggest contributors towards the widening spectrum of quality content, as well as setting professional standards for content. In Spring of 1998, ABC Radio Network signed a deal with Real Networks to broadcast all 27 of ABC's radio stations on the Web. (Hickman 30) Despite network advancement, the sheer number of Internet-only Webcasters has helped to ensure better content, wider variety, and more Web radio usage. (Thomas 39) Where before there were difficulties with waveband congestion, access to unlimited space for Webcasters has become available through the Internet to virtually anyone, and p ositions even small alternative stations with potential to thrive alongside mainstream powerhouses. (Internet Radio 1) The biggest fans of Web radio include people who have moved away from an area and like to tune in an Internet site to check the news or sports from their previous home town. Web radio also is popular with people who have exotic musical tastes and want to sample sounds that aren't available from traditional broadcasters in their area. In addition, some people like to listen to commentary, or comedy programs playing in the background as they surf other sites. (Thomas 41) Web radio, unlike the old sort, is interactive. Screens can supplement radio sound with song titles, liner notes and banner advertisements. Listeners can chat to each other, rate songs or click on a banner ad to buy a disc of the music they've just heard ? all while listening to the radio. (Internet Radio 1) Many music Webcasters get payment for generating these types of music sales. Audio ads as normally run by traditional commercial stations can take up ten to fifteen minutes per hour. Audio ads on the Web usually take up a mere three minutes. This lost advertising is made up in the visual portion of the Website, and the broadcast itself suffers from little

Hawk Roosting Unseen Poetry Essay

Hawk Roosting Unseen Poetry Essay Hawk Roosting Unseen Poetry Essay `Hawk Roosting` Unseen Poetry Essay This essay will discuss and explain certain techniques Ted Hughes uses, such as personification, in his poem `Hawk Roosting`. To add to this, it will also discuss and try to elaborate upon how this poem is structured and how the way that it is written contributes towards the effect of the poem upon the reader. A main technique that Ted Hughes uses in this poem is personification. There are many examples of this throughout the poem, one of them being `my eyes closed`. This is taken from the second half of the first line of the poem. This is a clear example of personification as it is written in the first person. The word `my` shows this. To add to this, Ted Hughes, in many places puts a pronoun in the first person directly before a part of the body. For example `my hooked head` or `My feet` are both instances where this particular technique within the broad technique of personification is used. The fact that the author includes body parts which are only from the human body makes the hawk seem even more human. If Ted Hughes had written about body parts such as talons or claws, it would have made the creature less human as humans do not have talons or claws. The use of personification also makes the hawk seem very ignorant as if it was in charge. This is so, by the repetitive use of the words `I` and `Me`. Through the duration of the poem the readers are always reminded that the fowl is in charge and can do what it wants. An example of this would be `I kill where I please because it is all mine.` This shows that the hawk thinks that he is in charge, not only through the use of the word `I` but the fact that he says `it is all mine.` Another word which shows this is the word `inspection`. This word is located in the final line of the second stanza. Generally, inspectors are people with quite a high rank as they get to see whether everything is to their liking or not. In other words, they are utterly in charge, and because the hawk is, in this case, comparing itself to an inspector, it again shows that he thinks of himself very highly and that he also thinks that he is totally in charge of everything. The hawk has a slight oxymoronic value to itself aswell, as it says `My manners are tearing off heads`. This is oxymoronic as manners are associated with good things such as saying please and thank you. In this case, the oxymoronic bird thinks of manners in a totally different way. `Tearing off heads` is obviously a bad thing to do, but this hawk associates `tearing off heads` with `manners` when the two words totally contrast. This also again goes back to the point about the hawk being in charge of everything as it is `tearing off heads` and there is no one or nothing which will go in the hawk`s way, and try to prevent it from doing so. In this poem, Ted Hughes makes nature is brutal: it ‘kills’ and ‘eats’. What’s slightly disturbing is that the hawk views these as ‘perfect’ and ‘rehearses them’. This almost gives the feel of a psychopath, yet he is only fulfilling his natural function. The repetition of ‘hookedâ€℠¢ from his head to his feet creates a feel of being captured, evoking his sharp, deadly beak and claws. These are the parts that the hawk emphasizes when he describes himself. The hawk deals in ‘death’. Ted Hughes uses the metaphor of the bird flying directly ‘through the bones of the living’. The uneasy juxtaposition of bones with living creates an unsettling effect, and makes the bird seem almost supernaturally powerful: as if he exists beyond this one moment in time. The hawk lists natural features: ‘sun’, ‘air’ and the ‘tree’, which he thinks exist only in as much as they are of ‘advantage to me’. He also says it took ‘the whole of Creation’ to produce his ‘feather’ and ‘foot’: the juxtaposition of something so huge and old, and biblical against a tiny foot/feather, shows how magnificent the bird thinks he is: as if he is the reason creation exists. This is interesting because it

Whren vs. United States. June 10, 1993 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Whren vs. United States. June 10, 1993 - Essay Example As the police officers in an unmarked car made their first pass, they noticed that the Whren and Brown were in a dark colored Pathfinder truck with temporary license plates, and the driver, Brown kept looked downward to the lap of Whren in the passenger seat. The police officers then made a U-turn towards the Pathfinder, when all of a sudden the Pathfinder suddenly turned right without signaling, and sped off at what the officers describe an "unreasonable speed." Thus the police officers continued pursuit, and in a short while caught up with Whren and Brown at a stop light. The officers identified themselves and as the approached the driver side window, saw that the Whren had in his hands two large plastic bags of crack cocaine. They were subsequently arrested and charged with federal drug charges. At the pretrial suppression hearing, Whren and Brown filed a motion to suppress the evidence on the ground of an illegal search and seizure surrounding the circumstances of the case. They alleged that the police officers used the traffic violation as a pretext for stopping the truck due to the lack of any reasonable suspicion or probable cause to stop them on suspicion of drug dealing. Court Decisions: The District Trial Court denied the motion and conducted trial, resulting in the conviction of Whren and Brown. On appeal to the Court of Appeals their conviction was affirmed. Thus, Whren and Brown brought this case to the Supreme Court on certiorari. Issue: Whether or not the police officers conducted an unlawful search and seizure in this case. Whether or not the police officers violated the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution proscribing unlawful searches and seizures. Ruling: No on both issues. In a unanimous decision the Supreme Court held that as long as police officers have reasonable cause to believe that there had occurred a traffic violation, they may stop any vehicle. In the case at bar, the police officers had reasonable cause to stop Whren and Brown on the basis of a traffic violation because they had made a turn without signaling and sped away from a stop sign at an unreasonable speed. Hence, an actual traffic violation was committed by Whren and Brown, and the resulting search and seizure of the Pathfinder was reasonable, regardless of what other personal motivations the officers might have had for stopping the vehicle. Also, the Supreme Court discarded the allegations of Whren and Brown that they had suffered from anxiety, confusion, and haste which they experienced from the stop and search procedure outweighed the government's interest in traffic safety. Indeed, while the Fourth Amendment requires a balancing test between the benefits derived from a search-and-seizure and the harm it may cause to the person, this test only applies to unusually harmful searches and seizures. In the case at bar there was nothing unusually harmful about this traffic stop. Personal Opinion: With reference to the case at bar, I am in total concurrence with the manner in which the legal and procedural issues were resolved by the Supreme Court. The Constitutional right against unreasonable searches and seizures embodied in the Fourth Amendment has to be taken in accordance with the underlying circumstances in the case. The evil sought to be prohibited is that of abuse on the part of the arresting officer, in making any search or seizure of a individual's person, house, papers and effects. Indeed, a number of Constitutional doctrines have already held that the applicable case law. Delaware vs. Prouse, United States vs. Martinez Fuerte and United States vs. Brignoni Ponce were all mentioned

Business and Management Research Methodology Essay

Business and Management Research Methodology - Essay Example scheduling the research workload and activities over a stipulated period and being flexible enough to make alterations in it when problems occur; vii. constructing and sustaining the research argument through a long document without resorting to long descriptions that are not embedded in the structure of the argument; viii writing and understanding the purpose of an introduction, a conclusion and an abstract for an academic document; ix writing clearly and imaginatively, and with a sense of authority; and x. using an appropriate referencing system. In order to conduct research in terms of the above mentioned requirements, the work involved may include: the development of an appropriate and interesting research topic; reading the relevant and other appropriate literature; specifying the method adopted for the research; collection or selection of the required data; analysis and interpretation of the data and finally writing up the dissertation as the end product. Deciding on the research topic takes a good deal of time, thought and discussion. In deciding on it, the best help is discussion with the research guide and other faculty members, one's colleagues, journal articles which may point out 'further areas of research', doctoral thesis reading which would give ideas of extending or disagreeing with the thesis propounded in the research thesis. The preliminary reading will not only be useful for choosing the topic but will also be helpful for writing a literature review for the project later on. So careful notes should be kept at every stage. Readings can include article summaries from Abstracts. Label the notes so that somebody else could read and understand them. This should mean that the researcher too, understand them when they are read again. A research statement turns the original ideas into something that can be researched. (Kumar 1996) Research Project After the preliminary readings, the research a proposal has to be formulated. A good way to prepare a research project is to include the categories of the research proposal as the project itself. There should be a proposed title or an initial short statement about what is proposed to be done. The introduction could be shorter than in the research thesis. But it should explain: why is this work is being done what problems are being investigated what questions will the researcher ask what other research is relevant to the work The methodology may be described, but it could be tentative if, at this stage a final decision about the methods of investigation and analysis would not have been made. But describe a range of possibilities that are being considered and how the information collected will be analyzed. A research proposal should also include a rough timetable as to when the different stages of the work are planned to be carried out. Timetable the Research and Report The researcher will have to be able carry out the research work and write it up by the deadline indicated in the

Entrepreneurial characteristics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Entrepreneurial characteristics - Essay Example Risk taking Risk taking is defined as a factor thing or element which exposes a person to a certain danger or which has negative impact on the person. Risk taking in business entails venturing into an idea or activity that might have negative impact on entrepreneur yet the same idea can bring positive outcome to the entrepreneur. Successful entrepreneurs need to have the ability to take risks in order to gain maximum benefits in case the idea succeeds. In many condition, opportunities are full of uncertainties as there are no ways to confirm if the move will be beneficial or not. As a result, many entrepreneurs are unable to venture in such ideas an aspect that makes them lose the ability to succeed. This enables an entrepreneur with this characteristic to fully own the idea and reap its benefits without intense competition (Gerber, 2009). If the idea succeeds, other business people utilize the idea but the entrepreneur who invented it will have created customer trust and barriers fo r the competitors to make use of the idea. This helps him in succeeding in the markets through gaining the largest market share and creating loyalty of the target customers towards the idea or product. One of the entrepreneurs who had taken risks in venturing in business is Michelle Moan. Despite her age she took a risk of investing in making bras that were more comfortable. As a result of going against all odds, she became successful and established MJM international which is one of the leading businesses in the world. The success of Moan was as a result of risk taking in an area that looked unpromising for many entrepreneurs. In 2000 she was awarded a world business achiever award which is a prestigious award given to entrepreneurs who has shown outstanding performance and innovation. This puts a challenge to entrepreneurs to be innovative and create ideas out of a challenge that they might be experiencing or a challenge facing the society. For a successful entrepreneur, an idea d espite how challenging it looks must be analyzed to look at its potential. Response to change Response to change is the act of reacting as a result of a certain change that has occurred in the sector, government or country at large. The world has become dynamic with many changes being experienced each day. For an entrepreneur to be successful he must monitor these changes as they might create an opportunity. New government policies are some of the changes that might create an opportunity for an entrepreneur. When an opportunity unveils an entrepreneur must be quick to respond to it through investing. This provides the entrepreneur with the opportunity to retrieve maximum benefits from the opportunity (Gerber, 2009). Response to change in case of an opportunity is determined by the flexibility of an entrepreneur. A flexible entrepreneur is one who is ready to shift from one way of doing things to another in order to fit in the new procedures that might be of great benefit. The best s trategy for an entrepreneur to become flexible is through setting aside capital that could be used to invest in a new opportunity. Such an act creates a difference between successful entrepreneurs and those who are not successful. In an example, changes in technological levels in the world created an opportunity for Steve Jobs to start Apple Inc which deal with various electronics such as iPod, iTunes, Mac laptops, desktop etc. His reaction was first despite the risks that faced investing in a sector that recorded major failures from previous

Defining And Understanding Social Inclusion Social Work Essay

Defining And Understanding Social Inclusion Social Work Essay There have always been asylum seekers and refugees going back to the World War but in recent years the United Kingdom (UK) has seen a vast number of asylum seekers coming from different parts of the world in search of security from their troubled regimes. As a signatory to the 1951 United Nations Convention the UK has an obligatory duty to receive and protect asylum seekers until a decision has been made on their individual claim (Hepinstal et al, 2004). According to the 1951 UN Convention an asylum seeker is defined as, a person who has crossed an international border in search of safety and refugee status in another country. To get the refugee status under this Convention a person has to present with; A well founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion and is outside the country of his nationality and unable or, owing to such fear is unwilling to avail himself to the protection of that country. Too often those seeking asylum travel from their familiar communities to start new life in environments that could be alien to them which makes them vulnerable to social exclusion which is defined by the Social exclusion Unit (SEU),( 2004) as: What can happen when individuals or areas suffer from a combination of linked problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime environments, bad health and family breakdown. It is a process that deprives individuals and families, groups and neighbourhoods of resources and services needed for their general involvement and their health and well being (Pierson, 2002). Most of these factors affect the asylum population since they face immigration controls on things that shape them as individuals. This affects their engagement with the society towards expressing their individual needs. For asylum seekers to be socially included in the society certain areas of concern will have to be addressed. This is achieved by firstly understanding what social inclusion means. It is defined by some as, finding ways of preventing and overcoming social exclusion (ncaonline.org.uk). For this to be achieved the following points of views will be discussed on the issues that affect their health and well being, how resources and services from local, regional and national level can support them and the roles and responsibilities of nurses and other health and social care professionals in promoting social inclusion. However the author is going to use different available materials to provide an overview of this diverse group which is often mistaken by the public as a homogeneous group. The author is going to focus on asylum seekers (someone who is still in the process of becoming a refugee) rather than refugees (someone who has been granted the refugee status) because refugees just like o rdinary citizens have wider choices that can socially include them as compared to asylum seekers who do not have the privilege of choice. To whatever the destination an asylum seeker flees to, the journey is rather distressing with fears of being discovered, persecuted and arrested which can affects their mental health and physical well being. It is believed that when they arrive some would have been in good health but, the asylum process itself may entail its additional stresses such as conflict with immigration officials, being denied a work permit, unemployment, difficulties registering with GPs, loneliness and boredom (Hayes and Humphries, 2004). Their mental and physical health may deteriorate within two to three years of arriving due to post-traumatic experiences, unexpected changes, dependency, poverty and poor accommodation (Burnett and Fassil, 2002). Frequently reported mental health problems experienced by asylum seekers include anxiety, depression, phobias and Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) which may cause long term problems if not well attended to. These may have been as a result of domestic abuse, multiple losses, torture, witnessing hostile situations and sexual abuse (Jones and Jill, 1998). Since mental health issues are viewed differently in some cultures, healthcare professionals have to be culturally sensitive towards those presenting with problems related to mental health (NMC, 2004). Those with PTSD will require strong advocacy to ensure that they have access to specialist support. However, some of the physical health needs usually suffered by asylum seekers are chronic diseases such as coronary heart diseases and diabetes which may not have been detected because of poor health facilities in countries of origin (Burnett and Fassil, 2002). Some conditions may have been acquired en-route to their destinations such as gastrointestinal problems, respiratory infections such as Tuberculosis (TB), malaria and other communicable diseases such as HIV and AIDS. Asylum seekers may present with fear of being seen as disease carriers which means they may suffer in silence, therefore demonstrating sensitivity towards these people will ensure that they are valued and respected regardless of their illnesses. Offering full medical assessments for the benefit of the individuals will help in detecting any unknown problems and find suitable interventions in promoting their health and wellbeing. Disabilities suffered through torture or war may present health concerns and emotional distress to asylum seekers (Burnett and Fassil, 2002). Those who are disabled will need referrals for assessment of needs where the provision of care may only be granted in regard to their immigration status, which may undermine their basic human needs (Immigration and Asylum Act, 1999). The author argues that this endangers the person with the disability as they will be more vulnerable to social exclusion. Some women seek asylum while they are pregnant. These may have been as a result of domestic violence, rape as well as prostitution as a result of trying to fend for themselves and their families. They may suffer complications due to late registrations, lack of geographical knowledge and support and poor ante-natal care (McLeish, 2002). In some instances when the woman is being abused her needs may not be identified because men are culturally considered as the main speaker of the family risking misdiagnosis of the illness. It will need tactical nursing skills and knowledge of different cultures for the womans needs to be met without disrespecting cultural beliefs and values. Since April 2004 failed asylum seekers have been asked to pay for their hospital charges which can have a negative impact on their mental and physical health. Since one of the core principles of the NHS towards healthcare is that care is regarded as a universal service for all and a basic human right, therefore service should be provided based on clinical need rather than an ability to pay (Kelly and Stevenson, 2006), it can be argued why asylum seekers are refused treatment and asked to pay for their services when they are not even allowed to work for them to be able to finance this need). If health professionals follow this core principal and exercise empathy it will have a positive impact on those who really need care. Accommodation is a key resource in the resettlement of asylum seekers. The areas they are dispersed to may be of great impact to their health and well being. The dispersal process may cause long term damage if they are dispersed to areas that are ill-prepared for their unique needs. There is evidence which shows that asylum seekers may be living in substandard housing that is impoverished, overcrowded and with high risks of fire and spreading of diseases (Garvie, 2001). They have no individual preferences and choices of where they want to live and who to share their accommodation with. While the Immigration and Asylum Act, 1999 makes the care in the community function dependent on immigration status, older asylum seekers who are in need of community care may not be eligible for basic services such as day centre places for those with mental problems, social work support for mental disorders and meals on wheels because they are subject to immigration control which can make their experiences difficult (Cohen, 2001). Okitikpi and Aymer (2000) sited in Pierson (2002) argues that other multi-disciplinary teams such as social workers have an unavoidable political task around the policies of dispersal in order to build broad coalitions in raising local awareness of the legal confinements with which refugee families have to cope. As granting employment to asylum seekers has been observed as a pull factor for more arrivals, asylum seekers in the UK are not allowed to work until they receive their refugee status, even though there is evidence which shows that unemployment does not have any impact on the number of people seeking asylum (Zetter et al, 2003), they are still not allowed to work and have to live on lower than subsistence levels of income as compared to the general public (Hayes and Humphries, 2004). Unemployment makes them more vulnerable to poverty, as they only receive about 70% of normal income support. Those who have exhausted their claims and being looked after under section 4 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 only receive non cash vouchers which they can only use in certain supermarkerts where-by no change is given back which will further reduce the amount. This stigmatises, discriminates and violates their basic human rights as they will not have wider choices of supermarkets that sell f ood from their own countries. It is believed that allowing asylum seekers to work whilst awaiting their decisions may reduce negative socio-economic effects on their mental health and enhances their social integration with the society (Hayes and Humphries, 2004). The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) offers international protection to displaced asylum seekers with a well-founded fear of persecution by assuring them of certain clearly defined rights (Loescher et al, 2008). It has a responsibility of monitoring and supporting states compliance with the norms, rules and decision making procedures set out primarily by the 1951 Convention. Nationally in the UK, the National Asylum Support Service (NASS) within the Home Office works to provide accommodation and money for everyday essentials. It provides regional funding to the local councils and registered landlords in the provision of furnished accommodation. Firstly assessments are done following the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 to check if the person seeking asylum is destitute, so that the level of support needed is clear. NASS can only support those who are awaiting decisions which place those who have been refused status to become destitute and homeless. Voluntary organisations such as Yorkshire and Humberside Consortium for Asylum seekers and Refugees (set up in 2002 co-ordinates with NASS in providing management of accommodation, developing accessible services and promoting integration into new communities (www.harpweb.org.uk). Refugee council provide advice and information in individual languages, emergency accommodation and assistance in different regional areas (www.refugeecouncil.org.uk). Oxfam is also a voluntary or charitable organisation that helps in campaigning for those who are being made destitute by the asylum process to stop them from being deported back to their countries where they may be arrested and persecuted. British Red Cross also help those who are homeless by providing food supplies, clothes and vouchers to buy essentials such as toiletries (www.harpweb.org.uk).

Recommendations To Make The Organization More Competitive :: Business Analysis

The more competitive corporations are in markets, the less the strategies are available to any corporation. All corporations become reactive rather than proactive, unable to impose their will on the market. They cannot control price, they cannot differentiate their product. Competition denies them the resources to acquire other enterprises. In reality cost positions differ, often significantly, and products are perceived to be different, sometimes so different that some are branded. This generates both the scope and resources needed for acquisitions, aggressive price behavior or a major marketing campaign. The specific recommendations the Board is seeking are how: A. to make the organization more competitive: The main outcome of having a competitive strategy advantage is clear. Such an advantage translates into the positive outcomes of a profits earned by our corporation with above average for the industry, instead of a loss less than that earned by others. It does not necessarily mean an above-normal profit since this depends on the nature of our industry. It is easy to recognize when competitive advantage exists, when an our corporation, is competing with another corporation, for the same customers in the same market, is able to earn either a realized, or potential, profit which is higher than that of competitors, or a loss which is smaller. Provided the accounting is accurate, it is not difficult to identify the corporation with a competitive advantage. The result of a better financial performance is made possible by the key characteristic of any competitive advantage, the greater utility or value given to the customer by an enterprise. Customers buy our service either in greater numbe rs or at a higher price because of this greater advantage. Competitive advantage is then the ability to better satisfy our customers than competitors could. The causes of the existence of such an advantage reflect the combined ability to recognize opportunity and therefore position the corporation accordingly, and produce what is wanted at a cost and therefore a price which is acceptable. Both these abilities are the result of the appropriate application of the core competencies possessed by the corporation. B. to provide high quality customer services: The corporation realization of entrepreneurial goals requires, for its success, adequate, even high-quality management inputs. Many of these management inputs involve specialist knowledge of functional areas. The proportion of entrepreneurs and managers required within an enterprise, or indeed the desirable blend of these characteristics within the same individuals, can vary markedly. Recommendations To Make The Organization More Competitive :: Business Analysis The more competitive corporations are in markets, the less the strategies are available to any corporation. All corporations become reactive rather than proactive, unable to impose their will on the market. They cannot control price, they cannot differentiate their product. Competition denies them the resources to acquire other enterprises. In reality cost positions differ, often significantly, and products are perceived to be different, sometimes so different that some are branded. This generates both the scope and resources needed for acquisitions, aggressive price behavior or a major marketing campaign. The specific recommendations the Board is seeking are how: A. to make the organization more competitive: The main outcome of having a competitive strategy advantage is clear. Such an advantage translates into the positive outcomes of a profits earned by our corporation with above average for the industry, instead of a loss less than that earned by others. It does not necessarily mean an above-normal profit since this depends on the nature of our industry. It is easy to recognize when competitive advantage exists, when an our corporation, is competing with another corporation, for the same customers in the same market, is able to earn either a realized, or potential, profit which is higher than that of competitors, or a loss which is smaller. Provided the accounting is accurate, it is not difficult to identify the corporation with a competitive advantage. The result of a better financial performance is made possible by the key characteristic of any competitive advantage, the greater utility or value given to the customer by an enterprise. Customers buy our service either in greater numbe rs or at a higher price because of this greater advantage. Competitive advantage is then the ability to better satisfy our customers than competitors could. The causes of the existence of such an advantage reflect the combined ability to recognize opportunity and therefore position the corporation accordingly, and produce what is wanted at a cost and therefore a price which is acceptable. Both these abilities are the result of the appropriate application of the core competencies possessed by the corporation. B. to provide high quality customer services: The corporation realization of entrepreneurial goals requires, for its success, adequate, even high-quality management inputs. Many of these management inputs involve specialist knowledge of functional areas. The proportion of entrepreneurs and managers required within an enterprise, or indeed the desirable blend of these characteristics within the same individuals, can vary markedly.